Cov Qauv Carbon Nanotube Tshiab nrog Cov Khoom Siv Hybrid uas Hloov Kho Lawv Cov Khoom Zoo Kawg Nkaus

Cov khoom siv nano uas ua los ntawm carbon xws li carbon nanotubes (CNTs), fullerenes thiab graphene yog qhov txaus siab vim lawv cov khoom siv lub cev tshwj xeeb. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb tshiab tshawb nrhiav lub peev xwm ntawm cov qauv nanostructures sib xyaw thiab qhia txog cov qauv graphene CNT sib xyaw tshiab uas muaj cov khoom siv thermal thiab mechanical tseem ceeb.

Daim ntawv tshawb fawb no qhia tau hais tias cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov graphene CNT heterostructures tshiab tuaj yeem hloov pauv li cas los ntawm kev hloov me ntsis ntawm cov qauv geometric ntawm CNT thiab graphene nrog rau ntau yam fillers.

Lub peev xwm los tswj qhov thermal conductivity thiab lub zog kho tshuab hauv graphene CNT hybrid cov qauv ua rau nws yog tus neeg sib tw tsim nyog rau ntau yam kev siv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev tsim khoom siv dav hlau uas qhov hnyav thiab lub zog tseem ceeb.

Cov qauv carbon nanostructures: carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerenes

Cov qauv carbon nanostructures thiab cov sib xyaw ntawm ntau cov qauv carbon nanostructures tau raug tshawb nrhiav tsis ntev los no ua cov neeg sib tw rau ntau yam kev soj ntsuam, photovoltaic, antibacterial, khaws cia lub zog, roj cell thiab kev txhim kho ib puag ncig.

Cov qauv nanostructures uas muaj carbon ntau tshaj plaws uas tau kawm zoo li yog CNTs, graphene thiab fullerenes. Vim lawv qhov me me heev, cov qauv no qhia txog cov khoom siv thermal, mechanical, electronic thiab biological tshwj xeeb.

Cov qauv ntsuas hauv qhov ntau ntawm sub-nanometre ua haujlwm raws li cov kev cai tshwj xeeb ntawm quantum physics, yog li lawv tuaj yeem siv los siv cov xwm txheej tsis yog-intuitive xws li quantum tunneling, quantum superposition thiab quantum entanglement.

Cov raj carbon nanotubes yog cov raj ua los ntawm carbon thiab tsuas yog ob peb nanometers hauv txoj kab uas hla. Cov raj carbon nanotubes qhia tau tias muaj kev coj hluav taws xob zoo kawg thiab qee qhov yog cov khoom siv semiconductor.

Vim lawv cov nanostructure thiab lub zog ntawm cov kev sib txuas ntawm cov pa roj carbon, cov pa roj carbon nanotubes kuj muaj lub zog tensile siab thiab thermal conductivity.

Cov raj carbon nanotubes yog cov khoom siv muaj nqis rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, optics thiab composites, thiab lawv tuaj yeem hloov cov carbon fibers hauv ob peb xyoos tom ntej. Nanotechnology thiab cov ntaub ntawv science kuj siv cov raj carbon nanotubes hauv lawv txoj kev tshawb fawb.

Graphene yog ib qho carbon isomer nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib txheej ntawm cov carbon atoms teem rau hauv ib lub qauv lattice ob-seem uas muaj cov hexagons. Xyoo 2004 pom thawj qhov kev rho tawm ntawm graphene hauv cov kev sim ua ntej los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb Andrew Geim thiab Konstantin Novoselov ntawm University of Manchester hauv UK, uas yeej lawv qhov Nobel Prize hauv Physics hauv xyoo 2010.

Txij thaum ntawd los, graphene tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv nano uas muaj zog heev, pob tshab thiab kev coj hluav taws xob rau ntau yam kev siv hauv kev siv hluav taws xob, kev ntsuas thiab lwm yam thev naus laus zis siab heev.

llerene yog lwm cov carbon isomer uas tau paub txog qee lub sijhawm. Nws cov molecule muaj cov carbon atoms uas txuas nrog los ntawm ib qho thiab ob qho kev sib txuas hauv ib lub mesh uas tuaj yeem kaw lossis kaw ib nrab. Lub mesh yog fused rau ib lub nplhaib ntawm tsib, rau lossis xya atoms.

Cov khoom siv Fullerene tuaj yeem yog cov pob zeb hollow, ellipsoidal, tubular lossis ntau lwm yam duab thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Graphene tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg fullerene, txawm hais tias nws raug suav hais tias yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm nws cov khoom siv hauv chav kawm.

Cov qauv nano sib xyaw ua ke

Ntxiv rau kev tshawb fawb dav dav uas tau nqis peev rau kev nkag siab thiab piav qhia txog cov qauv carbon nanostructures no ib tus zuj zus, cov kws tshawb fawb kuj tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav cov khoom ntawm cov qauv nanostructures sib xyaw uas muab ob lossis ntau dua cov khoom nanostructured ua ke rau hauv ib qho khoom siv.

Piv txwv li,ua npuas ncaujmuaj cov khoom hloov kho tau uas ua rau lawv haum rau cov kev siv ua haujlwm xws li kev tsim cov qauv sandwich, cov qauv tsim biocompatible thiab kev tsim cov qauv muaj zog, qis-hnyav.

Cov nanofoams uas muaj carbon kuj tau siv rau hauv kev kho mob los tshuaj xyuas kev puas tsuaj ntawm pob txha thiab ua lub hauv paus rau kev hloov cov pob txha.

Cov qauv honeycomb uas ua los ntawm cov pa roj carbon yog tsim los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg (CVD) thiab kev kho cov kua. Cov txheej txheem Spark plasma sintering (SPS) kuj tau siv los siv graphene rau kev siv tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev kho mob.

Yog li ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb tau nrhiav txoj hauv kev los ua kom cov qauv ua npuas dej peb-seem ruaj khov. Kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias kev sib txuas ruaj khov yuav tsum tau tsim ntawm ntau hom qauv (carbon nanotubes, fullerenes thiab graphene) txhawm rau ua kom cov khoom siv no ruaj khov txaus rau ntau yam kev siv.

Kev tshawb fawb tshiab ntawm cov nanostructures hybrid

Kev tshawb fawb tshiab los ntawm cov kws kho tshuab ntawm Istanbul Technical University hauv tebchaws Turkey qhia txog ib hom tshiab ntawm cov nanostructure hybrid uas tsim los ntawm kev sib txuas tshuaj lom neeg.

Cov qauv graphene CNT uas muaj qhov ntxeem tau yog tsim los ntawm kev teeb tsa graphene nyob ib puag ncig CNTs hauv nanoribbons. Cov kev npaj sib txawv ntawm cov txheej graphene nanoribbon nyob ib puag ncig cov carbon nanotubes (square, hexagonal thiab diamond patterns) ua rau muaj cov khoom sib txawv ntawm lub cev uas tau pom hauv cov khoom siv, qhia tias qhov kev hloov pauv geometric no tuaj yeem siv los kho cov qauv tshiab.

Piv txwv li, cov kws tshawb nrhiav pom tias cov qauv uas ntxig nrog fullerenes tau pom tias muaj kev ruaj khov thiab lub zog tseem ceeb yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub zog tensile. Kev npaj geometric ntawm cov pa roj carbon nanostructures kuj muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau lawv cov khoom thermal.

Cov kws tshawb nrhiav hais tias cov nanostructures tshiab no muaj cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev lag luam aerospace. Cov nanostructures nrog cov qauv hybrid no kuj tseem siv tau rau kev khaws cia hydrogen thiab nanoelectronics.