Koj puas paub cov txheej txheem los sim qhov tawv ntawm cov yas hloov kho dua tshiab?

Cov yas hloov kho, yog hais txog cov yas dav dav thiab cov yas engineering raws li kev sau, sib xyaw, txhawb zog thiab lwm txoj hauv kev ua cov khoom yas hloov kho kom txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm hluav taws kub, lub zog, kev cuam tshuam, kev tawv thiab lwm yam.

Niaj hnub no, cov yas hloov kho tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub neej hauv tebchaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv cov tsheb thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev, qhov chaw uas lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Rau ntau homkev siv tshuab yas hloov kho, cov kws tshawb fawb thiab kev lag luam tau kawm thiab tsom mus rau kev ua kom cov yas tawv, vim tias qhov tawv ntawm cov khoom feem ntau ua lub luag haujlwm txiav txim siab hauv kev siv cov khoom. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, Chaw Muab Cov Ntaub Ntawv Rov Siv Dua yuav piav qhia ob peb yam txog kev ua kom cov yas tawv.

Cov khoom siv tawv dua, qhov tsis tshua muaj peev xwm deform, cov khoom siv ductile ntau dua, qhov ntau muaj peev xwm deform.

Kev tawv, piv rau kev tawv, yog ib yam khoom uas qhia txog qhov yooj yim ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm ib yam khoom. Cov khoom tawv dua, qhov tsis tshua muaj feem yuav hloov pauv, thiab qhov nws yoog tau ntau dua, qhov ntau muaj feem yuav hloov pauv.

Feem ntau, qhov ntau dua qhov rigidity, qhov ntau dua qhov hardness, tensile zog, tensile modulus (Young's modulus), bending zog thiab bending modulus ntawm cov khoom; conversely, qhov ntau dua qhov toughness, qhov ntau dua qhov elongation ntawm break thiab impact zog.

Lub zog cuam tshuam yog lub zog ntawm ib qho qauv lossis ib feem kom tiv taus qhov cuam tshuam, thiab feem ntau txhais tau dav tias yog qhov ntau ntawm lub zog uas ib qho qauv nqus tau ua ntej nws tawg. Lub zog cuam tshuam muaj cov nqi sib txawv nyob ntawm daim ntawv ntawm daim kab xev, txoj kev sim thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm cov qauv, thiab yog li ntawd tsis tuaj yeem raug cais ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb.

Cov txiaj ntsig tau los ntawm ntau txoj kev sim cuam tshuam tsis sib piv tau.

Muaj ntau txoj kev sim kev cuam tshuam, raws li qhov kub thiab txias: qhov kub thiab txias hauv chav, qhov kub qis thiab qhov kub siab peb; raws li qhov xwm txheej kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov qauv, tuaj yeem muab faib ua qhov cuam tshuam khoov - qhov cuam tshuam yooj yim ntawm lub nqaj thiab lub nqaj cantilever, qhov cuam tshuam tensile, qhov cuam tshuam torsional thiab qhov cuam tshuam shear; raws li lub zog siv thiab tus lej ntawm qhov cuam tshuam, tuaj yeem muab faib ua qhov cuam tshuam loj thiab qhov cuam tshuam me me ntau zaus. Cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv lossis cov ntawv thov sib txawv tuaj yeem xaiv cov txheej txheem sim kev cuam tshuam sib txawv thiab tau txais cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv, uas tsis sib piv.

Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov yas tawv thiab cov yam ntxwv uas cuam tshuam rau nws raug tshuaj xyuas thiab sau ua ke.
Qhia rau txhua tus!

1. Txoj kev xav ntawm cov hlua khi nyiaj

Hauv cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ntawm cov yas roj hmab uas tawv, lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov roj hmab yog ob npaug.
Ntawm ib sab tes, ua haujlwm ua qhov chaw ntawm kev ntxhov siab thiab ua rau muaj ntau cov kab nyiaj thiab cov kab txiav hauv lub matrix.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev txhim kho ntawm cov qauv nyiaj raug tswj kom nws raug xaus rau lub sijhawm yam tsis tau loj hlob mus rau hauv qhov tawg uas puas tsuaj.

Lub teb kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov kab nyiaj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ib txoj hlua shear uas xaus cov kab nyiaj. Nws kuj tseem tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov noob nyiaj thaum nws nthuav mus rau hauv txoj hlua shear. Kev tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm ntau cov nyiaj thiab shear banding thaum lub sijhawm ntxhov siab ntawm cov khoom siv siv ntau lub zog, ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov khoom siv. Silvering yog macroscopically manifested raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ntxhov siab dawb, thaum shear banding yog txuam nrog fine necking, uas sib txawv nyob rau hauv cov yas substrates sib txawv.

Piv txwv li, HIPS matrix toughness yog me me, silver-grained, stress whitening, silver-grained ntim nce, qhov loj ntawm transverse yeej tsis hloov pauv, tsis muaj caj dab zoo hauv kev nruj; toughened PVC, matrix toughness yog loj, yielding yog feem ntau yog los ntawm shear band, muaj caj dab zoo, tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab whitening; HIPS / PPO, silver-grained, shear band yog nyob los ntawm qhov feem ntau, caj dab zoo thiab kev ntxhov siab whitening phenomenon tib lub sijhawm.

2. Cov yam ntxwv uas cuam tshuam rau qhov ua kom tawv ntawm cov yas

(1) Kev tshawb fawb txog cov khoom ntawm cov matrix resin qhia tau hais tias kev txhim kho qhov tawv ntawm cov matrix resin yog qhov zoo rau kev txhim kho cov nyhuv tawv ntawm cov yas tawv, thiab kev txhim kho qhov tawv ntawm cov matrix resin tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm cov hauv qab no.

Ua kom qhov hnyav molecular ntawm cov resin hauv paus nce ntxiv kom qhov kev faib tawm ntawm qhov hnyav molecular nqaim dua; txhim kho qhov tawv los ntawm kev tswj seb nws puas crystallizes, nrog rau crystallinity, crystal loj thiab crystal zoo li cas. Piv txwv li, cov neeg sawv cev nucleating raug ntxiv rau PP kom nce tus nqi ntawm crystallization thiab ua kom zoo dua qhov loj ntawm cov noob, yog li txhim kho qhov tawg tawv.

(2) Cov khoom thiab cov koob tshuaj ntawm cov neeg sawv cev toughening

A. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom tawg ntawm cov neeg sawv cev toughening - Rau cov yas elastomeric toughened, qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom tawg ntawm elastomer txawv nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov resin puag. Piv txwv li, qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom roj hmab hauv HIPS yog 0.8-1.3μm, qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ABS yog li 0.3μm, thiab qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm PVC-modified ABS yog li 0.1μm.
B. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj ua kom tawv - muaj tus nqi zoo tshaj plaws rau qhov ntau ntawm cov tshuaj ua kom tawv uas yuav ntxiv, uas muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov ntsuas qhov sib nrug ntawm cov khoom me me.
C. Cov nyhuv ntawm qhov kub hloov iav ntawm tus neeg sawv cev tawv - feem ntau qhov kub hloov iav qis dua ntawm elastomer, qhov zoo dua qhov cuam tshuam tawv.
D. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub zog sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv toughener nrog rau cov matrix resin - qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub zog sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv toughening sib txawv ntawm ib qho system mus rau lwm qhov.
E. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov qauv elastomer toughener - cuam tshuam nrog hom elastomer, qib kev sib txuas, thiab lwm yam.

(3) Qhov kev sib txuas ntawm ob theem muaj kev sib txuas zoo ntawm ob theem, tuaj yeem ua rau kev ntxhov siab tuaj yeem hloov pauv tau zoo ntawm cov theem thiab yog li siv zog ntau dua, qhov zoo dua ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov yas macro, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub zog cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kev txhim kho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Graft copolymerization thiab block copolymerization yog cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj ntawm kev nce lub zog sib txuas ntawm ob theem, qhov sib txawv yog tias lawv tau sib txuas los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg, xws li graft copolymers HIPS thiab ABS, thiab block copolymers SBS thiab polyurethane.

Rau cov neeg sawv cev tawv kom tawv cov yas, nws yog ib txoj kev sib xyaw ua ke, tab sis lub hauv paus ntsiab lus zoo ib yam. Lub kaw lus sib xyaw zoo tagnrho yuav tsum yog ob qho khoom sib xws thiab txhua tus mus rau hauv ib theem, muaj ib txheej interface ntawm cov theem, hauv txheej interface ntawm ob lub polymer molecular saw diffusion, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib xyaw, los ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, kom lawv muaj lub zog sib txuas zoo, thiab tom qab ntawd txhim kho qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, ua kom tuab ntawm txheej interface. Qhov no yog cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb rau kev tawv cov yas thiab kev npaj cov polymer alloys - polymer compatibility technology!