Cov txheej txheem electroplating ntawm ABS, PP, PA, PC thiab lwm yam yas tsheb uas siv ntau

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Tuam Tshoj Lub Koom Haum Tsim Tsheb, kuv lub teb chaws txoj kev tsim khoom thiab muag tsheb hauv xyoo 2022 yuav ua tiav 27.021 lab units thiab 26.864 lab units feem (qeb thawj zaug hauv ntiaj teb rau 14 xyoo sib law liag), nce txhua xyoo ntawm 3.4% thiab 2.1%. Kev lag luam tsheb txuas ntxiv loj hlob thiab txhim kho, ua rau muaj kev pab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam, tab sis nws kuj ua rau lub zog thiab teeb meem ib puag ncig hnyav zuj zus. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias kev sib zog ntawm lub tsheb tuaj yeem txo qhov kev siv roj thiab cov pa phem ntawm lub tsheb. Rau txhua 10% txo qhov hnyav ntawm lub tsheb, kev siv roj tuaj yeem txo tau 6% txog 8%, thiab cov pa phem CO2 tuaj yeem txo tau 5% txog 6%.

Kev siv tshuab ua kom lub tsheb sib dua muaj peb yam: kev tsim qauv zoo tshaj plaws, kev siv cov khoom siv sib dua thiab kev tsim khoom siv thev naus laus zis siab heev. Ntawm lawv, kev siv cov khoom siv sib dua yog txoj hauv kev ncaj qha tshaj plaws los ua kom lub tsheb txo qhov hnyav. Cov yas muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo xws li lub cev sib dua, tus nqi qis, thiab yooj yim molding. Tshwj xeeb, kev siv cov thev naus laus zis electroplating ua rau cov yas muaj cov xim hlau thiab ci ntsa iab, uas ua rau cov khoom zoo nkauj, tiv thaiv xeb, lub zog kho tshuab thiab lwm yam khoom ntawm cov yas zoo dua, ua rau cov yas yog qhov kev xaiv nrov rau cov tsheb. Cov khoom siv tsis yog hlau yog cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv cov txheej txheem sib dua, thiab muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm "hloov hlau nrog yas".

Tsab xov xwm no qhia txog qhov xwm txheej dav dav ntawm cov yas tsheb, sau cov ntawv thov ntawm ntau yam yas xws li ABS, PP, PA, thiab PC uas siv dav hauv tsheb, thiab piav qhia txog lawv cov txheej txheem electroplating. Muab cov ntaub ntawv rau kev tshawb fawb ntxiv.

1. Kev piav qhia txog kev siv cov yas hauv tsheb

Yas yog ib yam khoom siv polymer uas feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov organic synthetic resin, uas tuaj yeem ua pwm hauv qab cua sov thiab siab. Vim nws cov khoom zoo heev xws li lub teeb yuag, tus nqi qis, yooj yim ua, thiab ntau yam kev kho saum npoo, nws yog siv dav hauv cov khoom sab hauv tsheb, cov khoom sab nraud, cov khoom tsim, thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm. Nrog rau kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm cov thev naus laus zis sib dua ntawm lub tsheb, kev siv cov yas hauv tsheb tau nce ntxiv.

Ntawm cov yas tsheb, cov yas dav dav yog tus nqi qis dua thiab suav txog ntau dua 50%, ua raws li cov yas engineering, uas suav txog li 15%. Cov yas tshwj xeeb kim dua thiab lawv siv tsawg dua. Raws li kev tshawb fawb txheeb cais, cov yas tsheb uas nyob rau pem hauv ntej thiab tsim nyog rau electroplating suav nrog ABS, PP, PA, PC, thiab lwm yam.

2. Kev siv tsheb ABS thiab nws cov electroplating

1. Kev siv ABS hauv tsheb

ABS yog ib hom yas thermoplastic engineering uas siv tau ntau yam. Vim tias ABS yas muaj qhov tsis zoo xws li tsis kam rau huab cua, tsis muaj xim, thiab yooj yim kub hnyiab, nws feem ntau sib xyaw nrog lwm cov polymers thaum siv hauv tsheb los npaj cov khoom hloov kho ntau dua, xws li: ABS/PC, ABS/PA, ABS/PVC Yas alloys, thiab lwm yam. ABS daim ntawv extrusion kab

ABS/PC alloy tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov kub thiab lub zog tensile ntawm ABS, txo PC yaj viscosity, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, thiab txo qhov rhiab heev ntawm cov khoom sab hauv kev ntxhov siab thiab lub zog cuam tshuam rau cov khoom tuab. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv thiab sab nraud tsheb. , lub teeb tsheb thiab lwm yam khoom nrog lub zog siab thiab tiv taus kub siab;

ABS/PA alloy muaj kev tiv thaiv warpage, zoo fluidity, thiab tshwj xeeb matte zog, thiab siv tau rau hauv qhov chaw xws li bumpers, instrument panels, thiab pillar decorative panels.

ABS/PVC alloy tsis yog tsuas yog tiv taus cua sov thiab cuam tshuam xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov nplaim taws, cov khoom tua tus kheej thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau hauv lub tsheb dashboards, cov tawv nqaij ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag thiab lwm yam khoom uas xav tau hluav taws kub.

2. ABS electroplating txheej txheem

Cov yas ABS electroplating qib xav tau kev sib txuas zoo ntawm cov hlau txheej thiab lub substrate, thiab cov ntsiab lus butadiene yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm 18% txog 23%. Cov txheej txheem yas ABS electroplating suav nrog peb theem: kev kho ua ntej, tshuaj plating thiab electroplating, Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb yog kev ntxhov siab → kev tshem tawm roj → kev ntxhib → kev txo qis hexavalent chromium → palladium tin activation → kev tshem tawm tin hydroxide → electroless nickel (lossis tooj liab) plating → ua ntej-plating → electroplating, ntawm cov kev kho saum npoo ua ntej plating yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Kev kho ua ntej saum npoo, kev yooj yim txheej txheem, kev hloov pauv tshuaj plating zoo rau ib puag ncig, thiab lwm yam yeej ib txwm yog cov ncauj lus kub hauv kev tshawb fawb.

3. Kev siv PP tsheb thiab nws cov electroplating

1. Kev siv PP hauv tsheb

PP yog ib hom yas thermoplastic uas tsis muaj ntxhiab, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis muaj xim thiab pom tseeb, thiab muaj zog heev. Nws muaj zog tiv taus tshuaj lom neeg, tiv taus cua sov, rwb thaiv hluav taws xob thiab muaj zog heev. Yog ntxiv cov neeg sawv cev txhawb zog, cov neeg sawv cev tawv, thiab lwm yam rau hauv cov khoom siv raw, ces nws yuav hloov cov khoom polymer thiab cov qauv macromolecular lossis cov qauv siv lead ua ntawm polypropylene kom zoo dua qub.

Yog tias muaj qee qhov feem ntawm cov iav fiber ntxiv rau hauv PP, cov iav fiber ntxiv rau PP uas muaj kev ruaj khov thiab tiv taus cua sov tuaj yeem tau txais, uas feem ntau siv rau hauv cov khoom siv hauv tsheb thiab cov khoom uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias ua haujlwm siab, xws li: cov yeeb nkab nqus ntawm lub cav, lub tsev lim cua, lub kiv cua radiator, thiab lwm yam. Ntxiv cov hmoov talc thiab calcium carbonate kom haum rau PP kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov ruaj khov thiab tiv taus cua sov ntawm PP. Cov PP hloov kho no feem ntau siv rau hauv cov thav duab bumper tsheb, cov vaj huam sib luag ntsuas, cov deflectors, kem, thiab lwm yam; ntxiv POE lossis cov neeg sawv cev Toughening xws li ethylene propylene diene roj hmab (EPDM) tuaj yeem siv rau hauv qee qhov khoom siv uas muaj kev xav tau siab hauv cov tsheb siab.

2. Cov txheej txheem electroplating PP

Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm cov txheej txheem electroplating, PP tuaj yeem muab faib ua hom ib txwm, hom electroplating thiab hom conductive.

Cov txheej txheem electroplating PP ib txwm muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov loj me thiab ua rau muaj teeb meem ntxhib. Nws yuav tsum tau o nrog cov kuab tshuaj organic ua ntej etching thiab roughening. Cov kuab tshuaj organic feem ntau yog xylene. Tom qab roughening, nws tuaj yeem ua tiav raws li kev ua kom muaj zog, kev ua haujlwm thiab lwm yam txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm ABS yas;

Electroplating qib PP yog ua los ntawm kev ntxiv qee qhov feem ntawm cov khoom sau xws li ZnO thiab TiO2 rau hauv polypropylene yas. Cov khoom sau no tuaj yeem yaj thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj etching thiab roughening txheej txheem los ua ib qho chaw ntxhib los txhim kho lub zog sib txuas ntawm cov txheej. Rau electroplated PP, nws kuj tuaj yeem ua tiav raws li cov txheej txheem electroplating ntawm ABS yas, tsuas yog tias qhov kub ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau nce mus txog 70 ~ 80 ℃ thaum lub sijhawm tshuaj etching;

Cov PP uas muaj conductive tau los ntawm kev ntxiv cov hmoov graphite nrog rau feem pua ​​ntawm li 30% rau polypropylene. Nws muaj cov hluav taws xob zoo thiab tuaj yeem electroplated raws li cov txheej txheem hlau. Kev txhim kho ntawm electroplating-qib PP thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem roughening yeej ib txwm yog cov ncauj lus kub hauv PP electroplating txheej txheem kev tshawb fawb.

4. Kev siv tsheb PA thiab nws cov electroplating

1. Kev siv PA hauv tsheb

PA yas muaj cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo, tiv taus kub, hnav tsis kam, tshuaj lom neeg tsis kam thiab nws tus kheej lubrication, tsis tshua muaj kev sib txhuam coefficient, qee qhov hluav taws kub retardancy, yooj yim ua, thiab tsim nyog rau kev sau nrog iav fiber thiab lwm yam khoom sau txhim kho kev hloov kho.

Cov iav fiber reinforced PA siv tau rau cov khoom yas thiab cov khoom cav hauv lub cav compartment; Cov hlau PA/ABS uas tiv taus kub heev, siv rau hauv cov iav saib tom qab ntawm lub tsheb, lub hau roj tank, fenders, thiab lwm yam; PA/PPE alloy muaj kev tiv taus kub zoo heev, lub zog, nplaim taws retardancy, conductivity thiab lwm yam khoom, thiab siv tau rau hauv lub tsheb lub thawv hluav taws xob hauv nruab nrab, fenders, baffles loj, guard panels, thiab lwm yam.

2. PA electroplating txheej txheem

Yuav tsum kuaj xyuas qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm PA ib txwm ua ntej electroplating. Txoj kev yog muab cov khoom ua haujlwm tso rau hauv n-heptane. Yog tias muaj kab nrib pleb tshwm sim hauv 5 txog 15 vib nas this, qhov kev ntxhov siab yuav tsum tau tshem tawm. Cov khoom ua haujlwm ntxhov siab tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv dej txias thiab rhaub kom npau. Khaws cia rau 3 teev thiab tom qab ntawd maj mam txias nrog dej kom tshem tawm kev ntxhov siab sab hauv. Cov txheej txheem ua ntej ua ntej PA electroplating yog kwv yees li tib yam li ABS yas, tshwj tsis yog cov txheej txheem roughening. Kev txhim kho cov khoom siv electroplating, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem tseem yog cov ncauj lus kub hauv kev tshawb fawb.

5. Kev siv PC hauv tsheb thiab nws cov electroplating

1. Daim ntawv thov PC hauv tsheb

PC yog ib hom polymer molecular siab uas muaj cov pawg carbonate hauv cov saw molecular. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog cuam tshuam siab, tiv taus qaug zog zoo, ruaj khov zoo, pob tshab thiab yooj yim dyeing. Txawm li cas los xij, vim nws tsis yooj yim khawb thiab hnav tsis kam, nws feem ntau siv rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov yas alloys rau sab hauv thiab sab nraud kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsheb. Piv txwv li, PC/PET thiab PC/PBT alloys muaj qhov kub thiab txias siab thiab cuam tshuam tsis kam ntawm PC thiab hnav tsis kam thiab ua cov khoom ntawm polyester. Lawv yog cov tsim nyog rau kev ua cov khoom siv lub cev tsheb, cov neeg tiv thaiv sab, lub qhov rooj tsheb thiab cov khoom cuam tshuam qis-kub.

2. Cov txheej txheem electroplating PC

Cov txheej txheem ua ntej kho PC suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas kev ntxhov siab sab hauv, kev txo kev ntxhov siab, kev kho o, tshuaj etching thiab roughening. Kev tshuaj xyuas kev ntxhov siab yog kom muab cov khoom ua haujlwm tso rau hauv cov kua dej nrog ib feem loj ntawm 70% acetone thiab cia nws nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub rau 1 feeb kom pom seb puas muaj kab nrib pleb. Txoj kev txo kev ntxhov siab yog maj mam nce qhov kub mus rau 110 ~ 130 ℃ hauv qhov cub, ua kom sov rau 2 ~ 6 teev thiab tom qab ntawd txias maj mam; Kev o yog kom muab cov khoom ua haujlwm tso rau hauv cov kuab tshuaj xws li methanol, ethanol, phenol thiab ether kom txog thaum qhov chaw hloov me ntsis dawb; Tshuaj etching roughening tuaj yeem siv ABS siab sulfuric acid tshuaj roughening kua, tab sis qhov kub yuav tsum siab dua. Nws kuj tuaj yeem nqa tawm hauv cov kua roughening xws li sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate, thiab sodium nitrite. Kev npaj cov ntaub ntawv alloy thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem pretreatment nto yog cov ncauj lus kub hauv PC electroplating kev tshawb fawb.

6. Lwm cov yas rau kev siv hauv tsheb thiab lawv cov electroplating

Ntxiv rau plaub hom yas tsheb uas siv dav dav saum toj no, PE, PET, POM, PPO, PVC, thiab lwm yam kuj siv dav hauv kev lag luam tsheb. PE muaj kev rwb thaiv tsev zoo thiab kev ruaj khov tshuaj lom neeg thiab yooj yim rau kev ua. Nws feem ntau siv rau hauv cov vaj huam sib luag sab hauv tsheb, cov thawv nqa khoom, cov roj tank, cov ntaub thaiv, cov fenders, thiab lwm yam;

PET muaj kev tiv taus zoo, tiv taus qaug zog, tiv taus kev sib txhuam thiab ruaj khov. PET hloov kho feem ntau siv rau hauv cov thav iav rov qab ntawm lub tsheb, lub tso suab, lub thav duab sunroof, qab nthab, thiab lwm yam; POM muaj zog dua li ABS yas thiab hu ua "super steel" lossis "race steel". Nws muaj cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo, rwb thaiv tsev, tiv taus cov kuab tshuaj thiab ua tau zoo. POM hloov kho tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov twj tso kua mis fais fab tsheb thiab cov pob qij txha thoob ntiaj teb. Cov kabmob, cov tes tuav, cov nqa qhov rai, thiab lwm yam.

PPO tsis muaj tshuaj lom, pob tshab, muaj qhov ceev tsawg, thiab muaj lub zog zoo heev, tiv taus kev nkag, tiv taus cua sov thiab ruaj khov. PPO/PS, PPO/PA, PPO/PBT thiab lwm yam alloys feem ntau siv rau hauv lub tsheb lub hau hub, lub teeb tsheb lub tsev, lub thawv fuse, baffle loj, buffer pad, thiab lwm yam; PVC muaj cov khoom hluav taws xob zoo, tiv taus kua qaub thiab alkali, thiab ruaj khov tshuaj lom neeg zoo. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv lub tsheb tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo, cov ntaub ntawm lub qhov rooj sab hauv, cov ntaub ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag thiab cov foob, thiab lwm yam.

Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem electroplating ntawm cov yas saum toj no yog kev kho ua ntej thiab cov txheej txheem roughening. Tsuav yog cov txheej txheem roughening tsim nyog los tsim qhov chaw roughened zoo tshaj plaws, kev ua kom muaj zog, kev ua kom muaj zog, electroless plating thiab electroplating tuaj yeem ua tiav ntawm qhov chaw. , yuav tsis rov ua dua ntawm no.

Cov yas fiber ntau yog cov khoom sib xyaw ua los ntawm kev ntxiv cov ntaub fibrous thiab cov ntaub rau hauv cov yas lossis cov resins. Lawv tau dhau los ua ib qho kev taw qhia tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv tsheb sib dua. Cov yas fiber ntau iav (GFRP), tseem hu ua fiberglass, muaj qhov zoo ntawm lub zog tshwj xeeb, tiv taus corrosion, zoo hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev, thiab yooj yim xim. Nws feem ntau siv rau hauv cov khoom siv lub cev tsheb, fenders, ru tsev, bumpers, thiab lwm yam.

Cov yas carbon fiber reinforced muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog siab, zoo elasticity, tsis nkees thiab tsis hnav, thiab feem ntau yog siv rau hauv lub cev, chassis, log, thiab lwm yam ntawm cov tsheb siab. Cov yas fiber ntuj siv cov nroj tsuag fiber ntuj xws li jute thiab sisal ua cov khoom siv txhawb nqa. Lawv tsis tsuas yog muaj kev ua tau zoo heev tab sis kuj zoo rau ib puag ncig. Lawv tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov vaj huam sib luag sab hauv qhov rooj, headliners, lub rooj zaum nraub qaum, cov vaj huam sib luag ntsuas, thiab lwm yam. Cov yas fiber-reinforced yog raws li cov yas thiab resins. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm nws cov txheej txheem electroplating tseem yog kev npaj cov ntaub ntawv electroplating-qib thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem electroplating.

7. Kev xaus thiab kev pom

Nrog rau kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm cov thev naus laus zis sib dua ntawm lub tsheb, yas tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv sib dua uas tsis yog hlau uas siv dav tshaj plaws. Kev siv dav dav ntawm cov thev naus laus zis electroplating tsis yog tsuas yog muab cov khoom yas ua rau cov xim hlau thiab cov qauv, txhim kho qhov zoo nkauj thiab kev nplij siab ntawm cov khoom tsheb, tab sis kuj txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom yas, ua rau kev siv cov yas hauv kev siv tsheb nplua nuj.

Kev siv cov yas electroplating rau lub tsheb txhawb kev hloov cov khoom siv hlau thiab ua kom cov txheej txheem ntawm lub tsheb sib dua. Cov yas hloov kho sib xyaw thiab cov yas fiber-reinforced tau siv ntau dua hauv tsheb vim lawv cov khoom zoo heev. Kev npaj cov khoom siv electroplating-qib thiab kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem electroplating yuav dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem metallization ntawm cov yas.